Testosterone Saliva ELISA

Testosterone (17β-Hydroxy-4-androstene-3-one) is a
steroid hormone from the androgen group.
In postpubertal males, testosterone is secreted
primarily by the testes with only a small amount
derived from peripheral conversion of
androstenedione. In adult women over 50% of serum
testosterone is derived from peripheral conversion of
androstenedione secreted by the adrenal and ovary,
with the remainder from direct secretion of
testosterone by these glands. The level of
testosterone in saliva (pg/mL) is significantly lower
than levels in the general circulation (ng/mL).
Testosterone effects can be classified as virilizing and
anabolic effects, although the distinction is somewhat
artificial, as many of the effects can be considered
both. Anabolic effects include growth of muscle mass
and strength, increased bone density and strength,
and stimulation of linear growth and bone maturation. Virilizing effects include maturation of the sex organs,
and after birth (usually at puberty) a deepening of the
voice, growth of the beard and axillary hair (male
secondary sex characteristics).
Testosterone levels decline gradually with age in men
(andropause). The signs and symptoms are non- specific, and are generally associated with aging such
as loss of muscle mass and bone density, decreased
physical endurance, decreased memory ability and
loss of libido. In females of all ages, elevated
testosterone levels can be associated with a variety of
virilizing conditions, including adrenal tumors and
polycystic ovarian disease.