Antibodies
Apoptosis Activator 2
- 貨號 Cat. No.
- S2927
- 規格 Size
- 5~200mg
- 品牌 Brand
- Selleckchem
Description
Apoptosis Activator 2
Catalog No.S2927
Apoptosis Activator 2 strongly induces caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and DNA fragmentation which leads to the destruction of cells (Apaf-1 dependent) with IC50 of ~4 μM, inactive to HMEC, PREC, or MCF-10A cells.
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Biological Activity
| Description | Apoptosis Activator 2 strongly induces caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and DNA fragmentation which leads to the destruction of cells (Apaf-1 dependent) with IC50 of ~4 μM, inactive to HMEC, PREC, or MCF-10A cells. | |||||
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| Targets | caspases | |||||
| IC50 | ||||||
| In vitro | Apoptosis Activator 2 (20 μM) at the reduced cyto c concentration increases the fraction of Apaf-1 in the apoptosome by 1.5-fold to 33%. Apoptosis Activator 2 increases the extent of caspase-3 activation at the reduced level of cyto c and caspase-3 activation by 4-fold. Apoptosis Activator 2 strongly indues caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and DNA fragmentation, and finally killing cells with an IC50 of 4 μM. Apoptosis Activator 2 induces apoptosis of PBL, HUVEC, Jurkat, Molt-4, CCRF-CEM, BT-549, MDA-MB-468 and NCI-H23 with of IC50 of 50 μM, 43 μM, 4 μM, 6 μM, 9 μM, 20 μM, 44 μM and 35 μM. Apoptosis Activator 2 exerts a cytostatic effect on the majority of tumor cell lines tested, inhibiting cell growth by 50-100% at 10 μM in 40 of 48 cell lines tested. [1] Apoptosis Activator 2 induces cell death by triggering apoptosome formation. The level of En1 expression does not have a significant influence on the survival rates of Ventral midbrain cultures for Apoptosis Activator 2 (-8.1 ± 6.0%). Survival rate is not significantly altered if the other three reagents are employed (-10.7 ± 4.7%) for Apoptosis Activator 2. [2] Apoptosis activator 2 (10 μM) induces apoptosis in AGS cells as evaluated by apoptotic DNA ladder and Tunel assay. Apoptosis activator 2 (10 μM) enhances the induction of apoptosis by anti TROP2 conjugated liposomes. [3] Cyclohexamide (10 μg/mL) or zVAD (50 μM) significantly protects against Apoptosis Activator 2 toxicity in neuroneal cultures. Apoptosis activator 2 (3 μM) results in numerous neurones with pyknotic nuclei suggestive of cell death involving apoptosis. DHT (10 nM) or E2 (10 nM) significantly protects against Apoptosis Activator 2 toxicity in neuroneal cultures. [4] | |||||
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Protocol(Only for Reference)
Kinase Assay: [1]
| Cell-Free Apoptosis Assay | HeLa cell cytoplasmic extracts are prepared according to previously published reports. Apoptosis Activator 2 in DMSO are distributed into 96-well microtiter plates at a final concentration of 1 mM (final DMSO concentration is 1% vol/vol). To each well is added 250 μg of total protein from cytoplasmic extracts in HEB buffer (50 mM Hepes, pH 7.4/50 mM KCl/5 mM EGTA/2 mM MgCl), with 2 mM DTT, 2 μM cyto c, and 0.5 μM DEVD-AFC (Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin) substrate in a total of 150 μL. Plates are incubated at 37 ℃, and fluorescence is read in a LJL Biosystems plate reader at 10-min intervals. |
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Cell Assay: [4]
| Cell lines | Neurones |
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| Concentrations | ~3 μM |
| Incubation Time | 2 hours |
| Method | All viable cells within the defined field of a microscope reticle grid are counted using a manual mechanical counter by an experimenter blinded to condition. Cells are scored viable on the basis of both positive staining with the vital dye calcein acetoxymethyl ester and the morphological criterion of a smooth, spherical soma. Counts of viable cells are made in four non-overlapping fields per culture well with each condition represented by 3 separate wells. The number of viable cells counts per well for vehicle-treated control conditions ranged from 100-200. All experiments are repeated in at least 3 independent culture preparations. Raw cell count data are statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA, followed by between group comparisons using the Fisher LSD test (significance indicated by P < 0.05). Cell viability is presented graphically as a percentage of live cells in the vehicle-treated control condition. |
References
Clinical Trial Information( data from http://clinicaltrials.gov)
| NCT Number | Recruitment | Conditions | Sponsor /Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT00322140 | Completed | Solid Tumors|Lymphoma | National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (CC)|National Cancer Institute (NCI) | 2006-05 | Phase 1 |
| NCT01281722 | Recruiting | Melanoma; | National Taiwan University Hospital | 2011-01 |
Chemical Information
Download Apoptosis Activator 2 SDF
| Molecular Weight (MW) | 306.14 |
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| Formula | C15H9Cl2NO2 |
| CAS No. | 79183-19-0 |
| Storage | 3 years -20℃Powder |
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| 6 months-80℃in DMSO | |
| Syonnyms | N/A |
| Solubility (25°C) * | In vitro | DMSO | 61 mg/mL (199 mM) |
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| Water | <1 mg/mL (<1 mM) | ||
| Ethanol | <1 mg/mL (<1 mM) | ||
| * <1 mg/ml means slightly soluble or insoluble. * Please note that Selleck tests the solubility of all compounds in-house, and the actual solubility may differ slightly from published values. This is normal and is due to slight batch-to-batch variations. | |||
| Chemical Name | 1H-Indole-2,3-dione, 1-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]- |
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Preparing Stock Solutions
| Stock Solution (1ml DMSO) | 1mM | 10mM | 20mM | 30mM |
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| Mass(mg) | 0.30614 | 3.0614 | 6.1228 | 9.1842 |
