Anti-A1 Adenosine Receptor
- 貨號 Cat. No.
- AAR-006
- 規格 Size
- 50 μl 0.2ml
Description
Anti-A1 Adenosine Receptor
| Product#: | AAR-006 |
| Sizes: |
50µl |
0.2ml |
| Host: |
Rabbit. |
| Epitope: |
| Peptide (C)KKVSASSGDPQKYYGKE corresponding to amino acid residues 213-229 of human A1AR (Accession P30542). |
| Putative epitope location: |
 |
| Homology: |
| Mouse, rat, bovine, canis, pig ?identical. |
| Reactivity Confirmed: |
Rat. |
Applications:
| Western Blotting: |
 | Western blot analysis of rat brain (lanes 1 and 3) and rat kidney (lanes 2 and 4) lysates: 1, 2. Anti-A1AR antibody (#AAR-006) (1:200). 3, 4. Anti-A1AR antibody preincubated with the control peptide antigen. |
| Immunohistochemistry: |
Expression of A1AR in rat cortex. |
 |
| Immunohistochemical staining of A1AR using Anti- A1AR antibody (#AAR-006) in rat cortex frozen section. A, A1AR (green) appears in neurons (right pointing triangles) and in astrocytes (left pointing arrows). B, Parvalbumin staining (red) appears in cortical interneurons. C, Confocal merge of images A and B demonstrates the existence of A1AR in subset of cortical interneurons and astrocytes. Expression of A1AR in rat medial septum |
 |
| Immunohistochemical staining of A1AR using Anti- A1AR antibody (#AAR-006) in rat medial septum frozen section. A, A1AR (green) appears in neurons (right pointing triangles). B, Parvalbumin staining (red) appears in medial septal neurons. C, Confocal merge of images A and B demonstrates expression of A1AR in subset of medial septal neurons. |
| Immunocytochemistry: |
Expression of A1AR in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) primary culture. |
 |
Immunocytochemical staining of A1AR in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) primary culture. A. Staining of paraformaldehyde-fixed and permeabilized DRG cells with Anti- A1ARantibody (#AAR-006), (1:100) followed by Alexa-555-conjugated goat-anti-rabbit secondary antibody. B. Nuclear staining of cells using the cell-permeable dye Hoechst 33342. C. Merged images of A and B. F. Merged images of D and E. Magnification: A-C: x20 D-F: x100 |
| References: |
| 1. Okusa, M.D. (2002) Am. J. Physiol. Renal. Physiol. 282, F10. |
| 2. Fredholm, B.B. et al. (2001) Pharmacol. Rev. 53, 527. |
| 3. Nakata, H. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 16545. |
| 4. Linden, J. (1991) FASEB. J.5, 2668. |
| 5. Park, K-S. et al. (2001) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap. 299, 501. |
| 6. Rice, A.M. et al. (2000) Endocrinology, 141, 1442. |
| 7. LaNoue, K.F. andMartin, L.F. (1994)FASEB. J. 8, 72. |
| 8. Synowitz, M. et al. (2006) Cancer Res. 66, 8550. |
| 9. Lelievre, V. et al. (1998) Eur. J. Pharmacol. 341, 289. |
| 10. Khoo, H.E. et al. (1996) Cancer Lett. 106, 17. |
Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside generated locally in tissues under conditions of hypoxia, ischemia, or inflammation. It modulates a variety of physiological functions in many tissues including brain and heart.1,2 It exerts its action via four specific adenosine receptors (also named P1 purinergic receptors): A1-Adenosine Receptor (A1AR), A2A-Adenosine Receptor (A2AAR), A2B-Adenosine Receptor (A2BAR), and A3-Adenosine Receptor (A3AR). All are integral membrane proteins and members of the G Protein-Coupled Receptor superfamily. They share a common structure of seven putative transmembrane domains, an extracellular amino terminus, a cytoplasmic carboxyl terminus, and a third intracellular loop that is important in binding G proteins.1-3 The various adenosine receptors can be distinguished on the basis of their differential selectivity for adenosine analogs.1-3
A1AR is widely distributed and has been well characterized. High expression of A1AR is found in brain (mainly in the cortex, cerebellum, and hippocampus), dorsal horn of the spinal cord, adrenal gland, and atria, and to a lower extent in several other tissues including adipose tissue, colon, and kidney.2,4
A1AR modulates the activity of several ion channels. Activation of A1AR (by adenosine, its major agonist) inhibits N-type Ca+2 channels via a voltage-dependent, pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive pathway in neurons of the rat major pelvic ganglia (MPG).5
Since A1AR is the most prominent adenosine receptor in adipocytes, it has become a natural target for research on obesity, which is a major health problem.6,7 A possible role in cell proliferation and carcinogenesis has also been suggested for A1AR.8-10
Alomone Labs is pleased to introduce a new antibody directed against the human A1-Adenosine receptor, Anti-A1AR antibody (#AAR-006).