ActiveMax® Human GM-CSF Protein, Tag Free

Source : 

ActiveMax® Human GM-CSF, Tag Free (GMF-H4214) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Ala 18 - Glu 144 (Accession # NP_000749.2).

 

Molecule : GM-CSF

 

Synonyms : GM-CSF,CSF2,MGC131935

 

Format : Powder

 

Category : ActiveMax® Cytokines

 

Accession : NP_000749.2

 

Storage : -20℃

 

Shipping condition : Powder,RT

 

Molecular Weight : 14.5 kDa

 

Characteristics :

This protein carries no "tag". The protein has a calculated MW of 14.5 kDa. The protein migrates as 18-26 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation.

 

Endotoxin Level : Less than 0.1 EU per μg by the LAL method.

 

Buffer : PBS, pH7.4

 

Description :

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is also known as Colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage), is a cytokine initially characterized by its ability to induce colonies of granulocytes and macrophages from myeloid progenitor cells, and is secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts. GM-CSF is a cytokine that functions as a white blood cell growth factor. GM-CSF stimulates stem cells to produce granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and monocytes. Monocytes exitthe circulation and migrate into tissue, whereupon they mature into macrophages and dendritic cells. Thus, it is part of the immune/inflammatory cascade, by which activation of a small number of macrophages can rapidly lead to an increase in their numbers, a process crucial for fighting infection. The active form of the protein is found extracellularly as a homodimer. Human GM-CSF glycosylated in its mature form. As a part of the immune/inflammatory cascade, GM-CSF promotes Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity, and thus worthy of consideration for therapeutic target. GM-CSF has also recently been evaluated in clinical trials for its potential as a vaccine adjuvant in HIV-infected patients. The preliminary results have been promising. GM-CSF is also used as a medication to stimulate the production of white blood cells following chemotherapy.

 

References :

(1) Volmar, C.H. et al., 2008, Cytokine. 42(3): 336-344.
(2) Breitbach CJ, et al., 2010, Nature 477 (7362): 99–102.
(3) Korzenik J, et al., 2005, N Engl J Med 352 (21): 2193–201.